Any species survives based on whether or not it contributes more to its offspring's future (and place) than it consumes in resources. I call it Net Future Usefulness.
Capitalism (unfettered rapacity-based monetized value system) is a tool that has helped humanity become stuck in an Evolutionary Trap. Civilization is part of that trap, as well. Cities are built to concentrate the resource extraction and processing potential of human specialists while isolating us from the risks (tigers, bandits, etc) of the 'hostile environment' that we evolved and emerged from.
The emergent phenomenon of civilized capitalism is a cul de sac of isolation from natural selection and from response ability to the needs of places.
Too many environmentalists also fall for the linguistic trap of the "carrying capacity of Earth", when we should be asking, "What is the carrying capacity of humans?" As Wendell Berry said, "What are people FOR?"
As for solutions: the expedient and logical one is to trace the power base of capitalism to its root: the cash register. That's where the 'magic' happens. Instituting a 'carbon tax' would just shift the consumption to other forms of energy, but not address the tap root that is Consumption-ism.
The opposite of Capitalism is simply sales taxes on all transactions. Every dollar at this point is a consumption dollar. The System of systems consumes perceptions as well as resources. Those perceptions have to be released into the wilds in the form of putting all of the overhead costs of civilization at the decision point: the checkout, so people will know actual costs to purchase something. Humans need also to know what their actual value is when they perform useful work and when they have children who we assume will do useful work to contribute to the future of their places.
So, the short, simple answer is, "UBI based on sales tax." The longer answer involves figuring out what an economy would be if it was based on humans contributing to their grandchildren's planet rather than pretending the planet is only here to serve "Consumers All" -Title of the USDA yearbook of Agriculture, 1957.
